In Polynomial Expression, we use letters like a, b, x and y to denote numbers. Performing addition, subtraction, multiplication, division or extraction of roots on these symbols and real numbers, we obtain what are called algebraic expressions.
The word algebra is derived from the Arabic word al–jab. In Arabic language, ‘al’ means ‘the’ and ‘jabr’ means ‘reunion of broken parts’. The usage of the word can be understood by a simple example. In the equation x + 5 = 9, the left hand side is the addition (sum) of two parts x and 5. If we add (unite) (–5) to each side of the equation, we get
(x + 5) + (–5) = 9 + (–5) or x + [5 + (–5)] = 9 – 5 or x + 0 = 4 or x = 4.
Here 9 and −5 are reunited to get 4. This type of mathematics is called algebra. Indian mathematicians like Aryabhatta, Brahmagupta, Mahavir, Sridhara, Bhaskara II have developed this subject very much. The Greek mathematician Diophantus has developed this subject to a great extent and hence we call him the father of Algebra.
Symbols in an algebraic expression are called variables of the expression. For example, in ax + b, if a and b are specific numbers and x is not specified, then x is the variable of ax + b. In 2x2 + 3xy + y2, x and y are variables. If the variables in an algebraic expression are replaced with specific numbers, then the expression yields a number and this number is called a value of the expression. For example, 2x2 + y is an algebraic expression and x and y are variables of the expression.
The word algebra is derived from the Arabic word al–jab. In Arabic language, ‘al’ means ‘the’ and ‘jabr’ means ‘reunion of broken parts’. The usage of the word can be understood by a simple example. In the equation x + 5 = 9, the left hand side is the addition (sum) of two parts x and 5. If we add (unite) (–5) to each side of the equation, we get
(x + 5) + (–5) = 9 + (–5) or x + [5 + (–5)] = 9 – 5 or x + 0 = 4 or x = 4.
Here 9 and −5 are reunited to get 4. This type of mathematics is called algebra. Indian mathematicians like Aryabhatta, Brahmagupta, Mahavir, Sridhara, Bhaskara II have developed this subject very much. The Greek mathematician Diophantus has developed this subject to a great extent and hence we call him the father of Algebra.
Symbols in an algebraic expression are called variables of the expression. For example, in ax + b, if a and b are specific numbers and x is not specified, then x is the variable of ax + b. In 2x2 + 3xy + y2, x and y are variables. If the variables in an algebraic expression are replaced with specific numbers, then the expression yields a number and this number is called a value of the expression. For example, 2x2 + y is an algebraic expression and x and y are variables of the expression.
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