Inductive reasoning is the type of reasoning which involves moving from a set of specific facts to general conclusion. It uses the premises from the objects that have been examined to establish a conclusion of an object which has not been examined. The mathematical induction is the form of deductive reasoning. It is a kind of reasoning that allows for the possibility that that is false even where all of the premises are true.
Types of inductive reasoning:
Generalization:
It proceeds from the premise about sample to a conclusion. The conclusion about the population. The proportion Q of the sample has attribute A. Therefore the proportion Q of the population has attribute A.
Statistical syllogism:
It proceeds from a generalization to the conclusion. This conclusion about an individual. Let us consider an example. The proportion Q of the population has attribute A. Individual I is a member of p. Therefore there is a probability which corresponds to Q that I has A.
Simple induction:
It proceeds from a premise about a sample group to the conclusion. This conclusion about another individual. Example:Proportion Q of the known instances of population has attribute A. An Individual I is another member of p.Therefore there is a probability corresponding to Q that I has A.(source: Wikipedia)
Causal inference:
Based on conditions of the occurrence of an effect it draws the conclusion about a causal connection.
Prediction:
From the past sample a prediction draws the conclusion about a future individual.
- These types are very important for inductive reasoning, which is derived from the definition of inductive reasoning.
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